Hangul is the official script of the Korean language. The spelling of the word "hangul" is based on its original pronunciation in Korean. The IPA phonetic transcription of "hangul" is [ˈhaŋ.ɡɯl]. The first syllable "hang" is pronounced with an aspirated "h" sound followed by a nasal "ng" sound. The second syllable "ul" is pronounced with a close back unrounded vowel "u" sound followed by an unvoiced "l" sound. Together, the pronunciation and spelling of "hangul" embody the unique sound and character of the Korean language.
Hangul is the writing system used for the Korean language. Developed during the 15th century by King Sejong the Great and a team of scholars, it is known for its scientific and phonetic design, making it not only easy to learn but also highly effective in representing the sounds of the Korean language.
Hangul is composed of 14 basic consonants and 10 basic vowels, arranged in a block-like composition called jamo. Each syllable in Hangul is constructed by combining these jamo. The process of forming syllables in Hangul efficiently represents the structure of Korean words and sentences. It is a phonetic alphabet that allows for easy pronunciation and reading comprehension.
Hangul played a significant role in expanding literacy in Korea, as it replaced the complex Chinese writing system that was used primarily by the elite. With Hangul, people from all social classes could acquire literacy and communicate effectively. Today, it is the official writing system of both North Korea and South Korea.
The simplicity and logical structure of Hangul have made it highly regarded by linguists worldwide. Its user-friendly design has also led to its inclusion on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list. Hangul remains an essential part of Korean culture and identity, preserving the language's unique characteristics and helping to bridge communication barriers.
The word "hangul" (한글) is the native Korean name for the Korean writing system. Its etymology can be understood by breaking it down into two parts: "han" (한) and "geul" (글).
1. "Han" (한): The term "han" is derived from the name of the ancient Korean state "Gojoseon" (고조선) or "Old Joseon". The early Koreans referred to themselves as "Han" or "Hanguk" (한국) in their own language, which later became the name of the Korean nation. So, "han" in "hangul" represents the Korean people or Korea itself.
2. "Geul" (글): The term "geul" means "script" or "writing" in the Korean language.