The correct spelling of the word "haemangioma" is often debated due to the different spellings used in American English and British English. In British English, the word is spelled with an "ae" combination, whereas in American English it is spelled with just an "e". The correct pronunciation is /hiːˌman.dʒiˈəʊ.mə/. The "ae" combination is known as a "ligature" and represents the sound "ee". This pronunciation is reflected in the IPA transcription with the use of the symbol ː to indicate a long vowel sound, and the ə symbol representing the "uh" sound.
Haemangioma is a medical term referring to a benign tumor or abnormal growth that develops in the blood vessels, specifically within the capillaries. This condition primarily affects infants and young children, characterized by a red or purplish birthmark or lesion on the surface of the skin or within internal organs. Haemangiomas generally occur in the head or neck region, although they can also appear on the trunk, extremities, or in rare cases, within internal organs such as the liver.
The pathogenesis of haemangiomas involves an overgrowth of blood vessels that proliferate quickly during the first months of life. However, they often achieve a spontaneous regression and gradually disappear as the child grows older. While the exact cause of haemangiomas remains unknown, it is believed that hormonal and genetic factors may contribute to their formation.
Diagnosis of haemangiomas usually involves a physical examination and sometimes medical imaging techniques, such as ultrasound or MRI, to assess the extent and location of the growth. Depending on the size, type, and location of the haemangioma, treatment options may include observation with regular monitoring, medication, laser therapy, or surgical removal for severe cases. The majority of haemangiomas do not require treatment as they tend to diminish naturally over time.
Overall, haemangiomas are non-cancerous vascular growths that typically occur in infants, manifesting as red or purple birthmarks on the skin or internally. Although their growth can sometimes cause complications or cosmetic concerns, most haemangiomas eventually resolve without medical intervention.
The word "haemangioma" is derived from two Greek roots: "haema" meaning "blood" and "angioma" meaning "tumor of blood vessels" or "abnormal growth of blood vessels". Therefore, "haemangioma" refers to a benign tumor or abnormal growth of blood vessels.