The Hadean eon, pronounced /ˈheɪdiən iən/, is a geological period that lasted for about 600 million years, starting from the formation of the Earth around 4.6 billion years ago. The name derives from Hades, the Greek god of the underworld, and reflects the conditions that prevailed during that time, including intense volcanic activity and the formation of the early Earth's crust. The word Hadean is spelled with an "a" and "e" together, represented by the /ən/ sound, and is pronounced with stress on the first syllable /ˈheɪdiən/.
The Hadean eon is a term used in geology and planetary science to describe the earliest period in Earth's history, extending from around 4.6 to 4 billion years ago. It is named after Hades, the ancient Greek god of the underworld, as it refers to a time when the planet was believed to be in a hellish, inhospitable state.
During the Hadean eon, Earth was undergoing intense processes of accretion and differentiation, as it was bombarded by large meteorites and experiencing violent volcanic activity. The planet's surface was extremely hostile, with a molten state and an intense heat that made it unsuitable for any form of life as we know it. It lacked an atmosphere, and any water present would have evaporated due to the extreme temperatures.
The primary sources of information about the Hadean eon come from the study of ancient rocks, specifically zircon crystals, found in Western Greenland and Western Australia. These rocks provide evidence of Earth's geologic past and help scientists understand the conditions that prevailed during this time.
The end of the Hadean eon marks a significant turning point in Earth's history, as it leads into the Archean eon, during which the first signs of life appeared on the planet. The study of the Hadean eon contributes to our understanding of Earth's early evolution and the conditions that set the stage for the origin of life.
The word "Hadean" comes from the Greek mythological term "Hades", which refers to the Greek Underworld and the god ruling over it. In Greek mythology, Hades was associated with the realm of the dead and the afterlife.
The term "Hadean eon" is used in geology to describe the earliest eon in Earth's history, which ranged from the formation of the planet about 4.6 billion years ago to approximately 4 billion years ago. This eon is characterized by intense volcanic activity, frequent asteroid impacts, and extreme heat that made the Earth's surface inhospitable and uninhabitable.
The usage of the term "Hadean" in geology is a metaphorical association, as the conditions during this early eon were deemed to be similar to the dark and desolate realm of Hades in Greek mythology.