Guadalupe Island, also known as Isla Guadalupe in Spanish, is a volcanic island located in the Pacific Ocean off the western coast of Mexico's Baja California Peninsula. It is situated approximately 241 kilometers (150 miles) west of the mainland. Guadalupe Island is part of the municipality of Ensenada in the state of Baja California.
Measuring about 35 kilometers (22 miles) in length and 9.5 kilometers (6 miles) at its widest point, Guadalupe Island is known for its rugged topography and diverse ecosystem. The island is of volcanic origin, with its highest peak, Mount Augusta, reaching an elevation of 1,298 meters (4,258 feet). Its rocky cliffs, deep canyons, and sandy beaches provide a rich habitat for a wide variety of plant and animal species.
Guadalupe Island is renowned for its unique wildlife, particularly its population of great white sharks. The island's waters are considered one of the best areas in the world for shark diving, attracting enthusiasts, researchers, and ecotourists from around the globe. Besides sharks, the island is also home to numerous marine mammals, such as elephant seals, fur seals, sea lions, and dolphins. Further inland, Guadalupe Island supports a diverse array of plant life, including cacti and unique endemic species.
Due to its ecological significance and natural value, Guadalupe Island has been designated as a biosphere reserve by the Mexican government, providing protection and conservation measures for its fragile ecosystems. The island offers visitors opportunities for scientific research, wildlife observation, and eco-adventures, making it a popular destination for nature enthusiasts.
