GSH stands for glutathione, which is an important tripeptide molecule composed of three amino acids: cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid. It is a naturally occurring antioxidant found in the cells of plants, animals, and most of all, in humans. Glutathione acts as a primary defense mechanism against oxidative stress and helps in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
As a powerful antioxidant, GSH plays a significant role in preventing cell damage caused by free radicals and reactive oxygen species. It detoxifies harmful compounds by capturing and neutralizing them, protecting essential molecules like DNA, proteins, and lipids from oxidative damage. Furthermore, it also helps in the recycling of other antioxidants like vitamins C and E, enhancing their effectiveness.
Apart from its antioxidant properties, GSH is involved in various cellular processes. It supports the immune system by aiding in the activation of natural killer cells and promoting cytokine production. Glutathione also plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, DNA repair, and maintaining cellular energy production.
GSH levels can be influenced by several factors including age, stress, pollution, poor diet, and certain medications. Reduced levels of glutathione have been associated with various diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases, and liver dysfunction.
Given its multiple roles in maintaining cellular health, GSH has gained significant attention in medical research and therapeutic applications. It is available in supplement form, but its effectiveness in raising cellular glutathione levels is still debatable. Nonetheless, maintaining adequate levels of glutathione is crucial for overall health and well-being.
