The Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy refers to the historical development and expansion of an alliance of Swiss cantons during the late medieval and early modern periods. This confederacy primarily emerged during the 14th and 15th centuries as an association of loosely connected states in what is present-day Switzerland.
Initially, the Old Swiss Confederacy consisted of three cantons: Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden. These regions cooperated for mutual defense against outside threats, primarily the Habsburg dynasty. Over time, their alliance expanded through the admission of other cantons that sought protection and independence. Key developments in the growth of the confederacy included the inclusion of Glarus in 1352, Zürich in 1351, Zug in 1352, and Bern in 1353.
The expansion of the Old Swiss Confederacy was driven by a shared desire for political autonomy and a commitment to the preservation of Swiss liberties. It was also fueled by successful military campaigns against neighboring territories, as seen in the battles of Morgarten (1315) and Sempach (1386). These victories bolstered its reputation as a formidable force capable of defending its independence.
By the end of the 15th century, the Old Swiss Confederacy had transformed into a decentralized federation consisting of thirteen cantons. This growth marked an important step in consolidating the confederacy's political power and establishing a foundation for the future development of Switzerland as a nation-state.
Overall, the Growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy reflects the historical process through which a small alliance initially formed for mutual defense evolved into a significant political entity that played a crucial role in shaping Switzerland's history and national identity.
