Group B streptogramins refer to a class of antibiotics that are used in the treatment of various bacterial infections. Streptogramins are a family of antibiotics that are derived from Streptomyces bacteria and are categorized into two groups – Group A and Group B. Group B streptogramins mainly include the antibiotics quinupristin and dalfopristin.
Quinupristin/dalfopristin, also known as Synercid, is a combination drug composed of two separate streptogramin compounds. It works by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis. Quinupristin binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby preventing the growth and multiplication of bacteria. Dalfopristin, on the other hand, interrupts the peptidyl transferase activity of the 50S ribosomal subunit, leading to the inhibition of protein synthesis in bacteria.
Group B streptogramins are primarily used to treat infections caused by resistant Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), and other multi-drug resistant pathogens. These antibiotics are particularly effective against strains that are resistant to other classes of antibiotics, such as beta-lactams and glycopeptides.
However, it is important to note that group B streptogramins may have potential side effects, including gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. They may also cause infusion-related reactions, such as local irritation at the injection site. Additionally, these antibiotics may interact with other medications, so caution should be exercised when prescribing or administering them.
