GRANULE CELL Meaning and
Definition
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Granule cells are a type of neuron that are found in various regions of the brain, particularly in the cerebellum and the olfactory bulb. They are characterized by their small size and granular appearance, hence the name "granule cell."
In the cerebellum, granule cells are the most abundant type of neuron and are located in the granular layer. They receive input from the mossy fibers of the cerebellar cortex and send their axons known as parallel fibers up into the molecular layer, where they make synaptic connections with Purkinje cells. This connection allows for precise coordination of movement, as granule cells provide excitatory input to the Purkinje cells, which are inhibitory neurons that modulate the output of the cerebellum.
In the olfactory bulb, granule cells are involved in the processing of olfactory information. They receive input from the neurons in the olfactory epithelium and send inhibitory feedback connections to the mitral cells, which are the principal output neurons of the olfactory bulb. This inhibitory feedback helps to shape and refine the olfactory signals, allowing for the discrimination of different odors.
Overall, granule cells play important roles in sensory processing and motor coordination in the brain. Their small size and abundance allow for fine-tuned modulation of neural circuitry, contributing to the complex functions of the cerebellum and olfactory system.
Common Misspellings for GRANULE CELL
- franule cell
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- g4anule cell
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- grajule cell
- grahule cell
Etymology of GRANULE CELL
The word "granule" comes from the Latin word "granulum", meaning small grain or particle. In biology, "granule" is used to describe small, granular structures or cells. The term "granule cell" specifically refers to certain types of neurons found in the nervous system, particularly in the cerebellum. These cells have a granular appearance due to the numerous tiny granules present in their cytoplasm. Thus, the word "granule cell" is a descriptive term that highlights the morphology and structure of these particular neurons.
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