Gout is a medical condition characterized by sudden, severe attacks of pain, tenderness, redness, and swelling in the joints, most commonly affecting the big toe. It is a form of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints and surrounding tissues.
When the body produces excessive amounts of uric acid or is unable to eliminate it properly, the uric acid levels in the blood increase. These elevated levels can lead to the formation of needle-shaped uric acid crystals, which then accumulate in the joints, causing inflammation and severe pain.
The symptoms of gout often appear suddenly, usually at night, and are accompanied by intense pain, swelling, and redness in the affected joint. The affected joint can become extremely sensitive even to light pressure.
Gout is more prevalent in men than women and is associated with lifestyle factors such as a high-purine diet (found in certain types of meat, seafood, and alcohol), obesity, genetic predisposition, and certain medical conditions like hypertension or kidney problems.
Treatment for gout typically involves a combination of medication, lifestyle changes, and dietary modifications. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to relieve pain during acute attacks, and medications that reduce uric acid production or enhance its elimination may be prescribed to manage the underlying cause of gout. Lifestyle changes such as weight loss, dietary adjustments to avoid high-purine foods, and increased fluid intake can help prevent gout attacks and manage the condition in the long term.
