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"Gotten" is the past participle form of the verb "get". It is primarily used in American English and is less common in British English where "got" is generally preferred. "Gotten" is often considered the archaic or old-fashioned past participle form of "get" in British English.
As a verb, "get" generally refers to the act of acquiring, obtaining, receiving, or achieving something. When using "gotten", it specifically conveys the past tense or the action that has already taken place in relation to getting or acquiring something.
In American English, "gotten" is commonly used in sentences like "I have gotten a new job" or "She had gotten her grades up." In these examples, "gotten" indicates the action of receiving a new job or improving one's grades in the past.
It is important to note that using "gotten" can sometimes carry a more informal or colloquial tone, depending on the context or the formality of the communication. Therefore, it might not be suitable in formal or academic writing.
Overall, "gotten" functions as the past participle of "get" in American English, expressing the idea of acquiring or receiving something in the past, while also being perceived as a slightly less common variant in British English where "got" is generally preferred.
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Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
* The statistics data for these misspellings percentages are collected from over 15,411,110 spell check sessions on www.spellchecker.net from Jan 2010 - Jun 2012.
The word "gotten" is the past participle of the verb "get". It originated from the Middle English verb "geten" or "getten", which came from the Old English, specifically from the Germanic language family. The Old English verb was "gietan", which meant "to acquire" or "to obtain". Over time, through various phonetic changes and influences, "gietan" eventually evolved into "get". In British English, the word "got" is typically used as the past participle, while in American English, "gotten" is more commonly used.
CONDITIONAL
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FUTURE
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FUTURE PERFECT
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PAST
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PAST PERFECT
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PRESENT
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PRESENT PERFECT
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