Pronunciation: [ɡˈɒŋɡɔːɹə] (IPA) 
The spelling of the word "Gongora" has a few tricky elements to it. The first syllable is pronounced "gon" with a hard "g" sound, followed by the "o" sound as in "boat." The second syllable is pronounced with a soft "g" sound, like in the word "gym," followed by the "o" sound again. The final syllable, "-ra," is pronounced with an "ah" sound, as in the word "car." So, altogether, Gongora is pronounced "gon-guh-rah."
Gongora refers to a term that holds multiple meanings and interpretations. Primarily, Gongora refers to a Spanish poet of the late 16th and early 17th centuries, Luis de Gongora y Argote. Gongora is considered one of the most prominent figures of the Baroque literary movement in Spain, known for his complex and highly stylized poetry. He is recognized for his abundant use of metaphors, intricate wordplay, extreme poetic devices, and a dense, difficult style known as Gongorism.
Gongoraism, also referred to as culteranismo, is an aesthetic concept that exemplifies elaborate and excessive ornamentation in poetry or literature. Gongoraism delves into the realm of the difficult, utilizing intricate metaphors, extensive vocabulary, and an abundance of compound adjectives. It aims to challenge the reader's comprehension and appreciation, often relying on enigmatic and obscure symbolism.
In broader terms, the word "Gongora" can be used as a descriptor for any overly ornate or complicated writing style that exhibits superfluous linguistic embellishments. It refers to a literary or artistic expression that tends to prioritize the stylized form over conveying clear meaning, often leaving the reader struggling to decipher its message.
Furthermore, Gongora may also refer to a type of instrument, specifically a gongora harp, which is a small harp-like musical instrument with strings that were plucked or bowed to produce sound. The instrument is believed to have originated in ancient Mesopotamia or Asia and is similar in its design to other ancient harps.
The word "Gongora" has its origins in Spanish. It is derived from the surname of a prominent Spanish Baroque poet named Luis de Góngora y Argote. Góngora was a highly influential figure in Spanish literature during the 17th century, known for his complex and ornate style of writing known as Gongorism. Over time, his surname became associated with his poetic style, and hence the word "Gongora" came to refer to highly elaborate or ornate writing, often characterized by obscure metaphors and language.
