GLYCOLYSIS Meaning and
Definition
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Glycolysis is a fundamental metabolic pathway that occurs in the cytoplasm of cells, involving the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. This process does not require any oxygen and can occur in anaerobic conditions. It is a series of reactions that yields a small amount of energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).
The process begins with the phosphorylation of glucose by the enzyme hexokinase, forming glucose-6-phosphate. This is followed by a series of enzymatic reactions that ultimately result in the production of pyruvate, generating a net yield of two ATP and two NADH molecules. Additionally, the process generates precursor molecules that can be used in other metabolic pathways.
Glycolysis serves as a universal pathway common to virtually all living organisms, including bacteria, yeast, plants, and animals. It plays a crucial role in energy generation, providing the primary source of energy for many cells. The end product, pyruvate, can either proceed to further oxidation, such as the citric acid cycle if oxygen is present, or it can undergo fermentation to produce lactate or ethanol in the absence of oxygen.
Overall, glycolysis plays a significant role in energy metabolism, providing cells with a quick and efficient means of energy production, especially in situations where oxygen availability is limited.
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The hydrolysis of sugar in the body.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for GLYCOLYSIS
Etymology of GLYCOLYSIS
The word "glycolysis" is derived from the Greek terms "glykys", meaning sweet, and "lysis", meaning to split or dissolve. Therefore, "glycolysis" means the breakdown or splitting of glucose.
Similar spelling word for GLYCOLYSIS
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