GLOBUS MAJOR AND MINOR Meaning and
Definition
-
Globus major and minor refer to two distinct anatomical structures located at the base of the brain and within the brainstem. They are commonly referred to as nuclei and play essential roles in several physiological functions.
Globus major, also known as the globus pallidus externa, is a part of the basal ganglia. It is one of the major output structures of the basal ganglia and is responsible for relaying inhibitory signals to other regions of the brain, including the thalamus. This communication helps regulate motor functions, particularly voluntary movements and motor planning. Dysfunction or damage to the globus major can contribute to movement disorders like Parkinson's disease.
On the other hand, globus minor, also known as the globus pallidus interna, is a neighboring structure located deeper within the basal ganglia. It acts alongside the globus major in modulating motor functions. However, unlike the globus major, the globus minor primarily functions as an inhibitory relay station within the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia. It receives input from other nuclei such as the subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra, and then sends inhibitory signals to the thalamus. Abnormalities in the functioning of the globus minor are linked to conditions such as dystonia and Huntington's disease.
Overall, both the globus major and minor, as part of the basal ganglia, have pivotal roles in motor control and function as crucial components of the central nervous system.
