Gillnet, /ˈɡɪlnɛt/, is a type of fishing gear used to catch fish in a net that hangs vertically at a certain depth. The word is spelled as 'gill' and 'net' put together, with the 'gill' referring to the vertical mesh used to trap the fish. The correct spelling is important for clear communication in the fishing industry, as well as in research and conservation efforts. While there may be some variations in pronunciation, the IPA transcription accurately represents the sounds of the word.
A gillnet is a fishing tool that consists of a netting material with small mesh sizes designed to capture fish by their gills. It is a vertical net suspended in the water column, typically set in a straight line or in a semi-circular shape across the path of fish movement. Gillnets can be constructed using various materials such as nylon, monofilament, or multifilament threads.
The netting is held in place using floats attached to the top of the net and weights at the bottom, allowing the net to hang vertically in the water. Fish swimming into the net become entangled in the mesh and are caught by their gills as they try to pass through. The size of the mesh determines the size of fish that can be captured, as smaller mesh sizes will trap smaller fish.
Gillnets are commonly used in commercial fishing and have been employed for centuries by fishermen worldwide. Their effectiveness lies in the fact that fish cannot easily see them underwater. However, environmental concerns have been raised due to their potential negative impacts. Bycatch, the unintended capture of non-targeted species and marine mammals, is a significant issue associated with gillnetting.
Efforts have been made to mitigate these impacts, such as the use of acoustic devices to deter marine mammals and the use of larger mesh sizes to reduce bycatch. Gillnets continue to be used as a fishing method, but careful management is necessary to ensure sustainable fishing practices and the protection of marine ecosystems.
The word "gillnet" is derived from the Old English word "gylle" or "gïele", which refers to "siege" or "trap". It is believed to have further evolved from the Middle Low German word "gælnet" which means "a net to catch fish". The term "gillnet" itself originated in the early 19th century, specifically from the combination of "gill" (referring to the gills of fish) and "net". The word essentially describes a type of fishing net that catches fish by entangling them through their gills.