GENETIC COMPLEMENTATION Meaning and
Definition
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Genetic complementation refers to a phenomenon observed in genetics, specifically in the field of molecular biology, where two genetically distinct individuals or organisms can compensate for each other's genetic defects. This complementation occurs when the genetic material of one individual or organism contains a functional copy of a gene that the other individual or organism lacks.
In more technical terms, genetic complementation involves the mixing or combining of genes from two different sources (typically two mutant strains or species) to generate a functional phenotype. This can occur through genetic crosses or fusion of cells, allowing for the exchange of genetic information. The resulting progeny or fused cells can then exhibit restored function or phenotype due to the presence of genetic material from both sources.
The phenomenon of genetic complementation is often utilized in genetics studies to identify and characterize genes and their corresponding functions. By introducing genetic material from one organism into the mutant strain of another organism and observing if the functional phenotype is restored, researchers can pinpoint the specific gene involved in the complementation. This technique helps elucidate the function and regulatory mechanisms of genes in various biological processes.
Overall, genetic complementation plays a crucial role in understanding genetic inheritance patterns, gene function, and the mechanisms underlying genetic disorders or diseases. It allows for the identification and characterization of genes, contributing to the broader knowledge of the genetic basis of traits and their complexity.
Common Misspellings for GENETIC COMPLEMENTATION
- fenetic complementation
- venetic complementation
- benetic complementation
- henetic complementation
- yenetic complementation
- tenetic complementation
- gwnetic complementation
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Etymology of GENETIC COMPLEMENTATION
The word "genetic complementation" has its origins in two separate concepts: "genetics" and "complementation".
The term "genetics" traces back to the mid-19th century and is derived from the Greek word "genetikos", meaning "genitive" or "generative". It was coined by the British scientist William Bateson, who defined genetics as the study of heredity and the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parents to offspring.
On the other hand, "complementation" comes from the Latin word "complementum", which means "completion" or "fulfillment". In the context of genetics, complementation refers to a phenomenon where two different mutant strains of an organism, each carrying a different nonfunctional allele of a particular gene, can produce a functional offspring when combined. This indicates that the mutations are found in different genes that fulfill complementary functions in a biological pathway.
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