GENE CHIPS Meaning and
Definition
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Gene chips, also known as DNA microarrays or DNA chips, are small glass or silicon chips that are used in molecular biology to efficiently analyze and detect the expression levels of thousands of genes simultaneously. These chips have revolutionized the field of genomics by allowing scientists to examine the complete set of genes in an organism's genome.
Gene chips consist of an array of tiny spots or wells, each containing a probe DNA sequence. These probe sequences are designed to hybridize or bind to their corresponding target genes in a biological sample such as RNA or DNA. By measuring the intensity of the signal produced when the target genes bind to the probes, scientists can infer the expression levels of those genes in the sample.
The use of gene chips enables scientists to study gene expression patterns, identify disease-associated genes, and gain insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of various biological processes. The technology has applications in a wide range of fields, including medical diagnostics, pharmaceutical drug discovery, and genetic research.
Gene chips have the advantage of being high-throughput, meaning they can analyze thousands of genes simultaneously, resulting in a vast amount of data. This data can then be analyzed using bioinformatics techniques to identify patterns and potential associations between genes and diseases or other biological phenomena.
Overall, gene chips are powerful tools that have contributed significantly to the progress of genomics research, offering a comprehensive and efficient method to study the complexity of gene expression in biological systems.
Common Misspellings for GENE CHIPS
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Etymology of GENE CHIPS
The word "gene chips" is derived from the combination of two terms: "gene" and "chips".
1. Gene: The term "gene" originates from the German word "Gen" coined by Wilhelm Johannsen in 1909. It comes from the Greek word "genos" meaning "birth", "origin", or "race". In the field of genetics, a gene refers to a segment of DNA that encodes the information required for the synthesis of a functional molecule, usually a protein.
2. Chips: The word "chips" in this context refers to microchips or integrated circuits. The term "chip" is derived from the shortened form of "microchip", which originated in the 1960s.
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