GDM, also known as Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, is a specialized term in the field of medicine that refers to a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy. Specifically, it is characterized by high blood sugar levels that occur due to a decrease in insulin sensitivity.
During pregnancy, certain hormonal changes can affect how a woman's body processes glucose. In some cases, the body may not be able to produce enough insulin to counteract these changes, resulting in high blood sugar levels. This condition typically begins around the 20th week of pregnancy and resolves after childbirth.
GDM poses potential risks for both the mother and the baby. For the mother, it increases the likelihood of developing high blood pressure, preeclampsia, or the need for a C-section. The baby, on the other hand, may experience excessive growth and overweight, making delivery more complicated. Moreover, GDM can also increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life for both the mother and the child.
To manage GDM, healthcare professionals often prescribe dietary and lifestyle modifications, which include monitoring blood sugar levels, following a balanced meal plan, and engaging in regular physical activity. In some cases, medication or insulin injections may be required to regulate blood sugar levels effectively.
Overall, GDM is a temporary form of diabetes that occurs during pregnancy and requires special care to ensure a healthy pregnancy and delivery for both mother and baby.
