Gastric cancer, also known as stomach cancer, is a type of malignant tumor that originates in the lining of the stomach. It is a form of cancer that affects the stomach cells and can spread to other parts of the body if not diagnosed and treated in the early stages. Typically, gastric cancer develops slowly over several years, starting with the formation of abnormal cells in the stomach lining, which can eventually turn cancerous.
Symptoms of gastric cancer may vary, but common signs include persistent indigestion, abdominal discomfort or pain, unintentional weight loss, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and blood in the stool. However, these symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, so it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis.
Several risk factors have been associated with gastric cancer, including a family history of the disease, certain genetic mutations, infection with the Helicobacter pylori bacterium, long-term stomach inflammation, smoking, and a diet high in smoked, salted, or preserved foods.
Treatment options for gastric cancer depend on the stage and extent of the disease. They can include surgery to remove the tumor, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The choice of treatment is individualized and may involve a combination of these approaches.
Regular screenings and early detection play a vital role in improving the prognosis for individuals with gastric cancer. Ultimately, effective treatment and management of this disease often require a multidisciplinary approach, involving oncologists, gastroenterologists, surgeons, radiologists, and other healthcare professionals working together to provide the best possible care for the patient's specific condition.
