Gardner Arnstein feline sarcoma virus (GAFSV) is a specific type of retrovirus that primarily affects domestic cats. It belongs to the family Retroviridae and the genus Gammaretrovirus. Named after its discoverers, Richard C. Gardner and Paul G. Arnstein, GAFSV is responsible for causing various forms of sarcoma, a type of cancer that affects the connective tissues in cats.
This virus is known to be horizontally transmitted through direct contact between infected cats. It can also be vertically transmitted from a mother cat to the kittens during birth or through the mother's milk. Once the virus enters a cat's body, it can integrate its genetic material into the host cell's DNA, leading to the uncontrolled growth of cells and the development of tumors.
Symptoms of GAFSV infection may include the presence of abnormal lumps or masses in various parts of the cat's body, weight loss, loss of appetite, lethargy, and difficulty breathing. The presence of these symptoms should prompt immediate veterinary attention.
There are currently no specific antiviral treatments available to directly combat GAFSV infection. However, various treatment approaches, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, may be employed to manage the symptoms and improve the cat's quality of life.
Prevention of GAFSV infection includes maintaining good hygiene practices, such as regular cleaning and disinfection of living spaces for cats, as well as the promotion of vaccination programs.
