Fungal arthritis is a medical condition caused by a fungal infection in the joints. The correct spelling of this term is [ˈfʌŋɡəl ɑːrˈθraɪtɪs], with the emphasis on the second syllable of "arthritis". The word "fungal" is pronounced with the short "u" sound and the "g" being pronounced as "ng". The "i" in "arthritis" is pronounced as a long "i", and the "th" is pronounced as "θ". Proper spelling and pronunciation of medical terms are important to ensure clear communication and accurate diagnosis.
Fungal arthritis, also known as mycotic arthritis, is a medical condition characterized by inflammation and swelling of a joint caused by a fungal infection. It is a relatively rare form of arthritis that occurs when fungi invade the joint space, leading to pain, limited range of motion, and other symptoms associated with joint inflammation.
Fungal arthritis typically occurs when fungi gain access to the joints through direct inoculation, hematogenous spread, or contiguous spread from an adjacent infected structure. People with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or individuals on immunosuppressive therapy, are more susceptible to developing fungal arthritis. Additionally, individuals with pre-existing joint diseases or previous joint surgeries may also be at a higher risk.
The most common fungi responsible for this condition include Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., and Cryptococcus neoformans. Common symptoms of fungal arthritis may include joint pain, swelling, redness, warmth, limited mobility, and fever. Diagnosing fungal arthritis often requires a combination of medical history evaluation, physical examination, blood tests, joint fluid analysis, and imaging studies.
Treatment for fungal arthritis often involves a multifaceted approach, including antifungal medications, joint drainage, and supportive therapies to alleviate pain and inflammation. The specific antifungal medication may depend on the type of fungus involved, as well as the overall health status of the patient. In some cases, surgical intervention may be required to drain abscesses or remove infected tissue. Prompt and appropriate treatment is crucial to prevent further damage to the joints and surrounding structures.
The word "fungal" originates from the Latin word "fungus", which means mushroom or fungus. It came into English usage in the mid-19th century. "Arthritis" is derived from the Greek words "arthro", meaning joint, and "itis", meaning inflammation. The term "fungal arthritis" thus refers to joint inflammation caused by a fungal infection.