Fructans are a type of carbohydrate, specifically a group of naturally occurring sugars known as fructooligosaccharides (FOS). They are considered functional fibers, meaning they provide a range of health benefits when consumed. Fructans are composed of a chain of fructose molecules linked together by beta bonds.
Fructans are found in a variety of plant foods, such as wheat, rye, onions, garlic, leeks, and asparagus. They are known for their prebiotic properties, meaning they serve as a source of fuel for the beneficial bacteria in the gut. They resist digestion in the small intestine and reach the large intestine mostly intact, where they are fermented by the gut microbiota.
Due to their prebiotic nature, fructans have been associated with several health benefits. They can promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, which may help improve digestion, boost the immune system, and enhance nutrient absorption. Fructans may also contribute to improved bowel regularity and reduce the risk of certain gastrointestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
However, some individuals may be sensitive to the consumption of fructans, experiencing symptoms such as bloating, gas, and diarrhea. This is commonly seen in individuals with fructose malabsorption or those who have been diagnosed with IBS. In such cases, a low-FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols) diet, which restricts the intake of fructans, may be recommended.
In summary, fructans are a type of functional fiber found in various plant foods, offering prebiotic benefits to the gut microbiota. While most people can benefit from their consumption, some individuals may experience
