FRIEDMAN TEST Meaning and
Definition
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The Friedman Test is a statistical procedure used to determine if there are significant differences in the rankings or scores of related groups or treatments in a repeated measures design. It is a non-parametric alternative to the repeated measures ANOVA, which assumes that the data is normally distributed.
The Friedman Test is particularly useful when dealing with small sample sizes, non-normal data, or ordinal variables. It assesses whether the observed differences in rankings across the related groups are statistically significant.
In this test, each group or treatment is ranked based on the observed measurements or ratings. The ranks for each group are then summed, and a test statistic, often denoted as "chi-square" or "Q", is calculated. This test statistic is compared against a critical value from the chi-square distribution to determine if the differences in rankings are significant.
If the calculated test statistic exceeds the critical value, it indicates that there are significant differences in the rankings across the related groups. In such cases, post hoc tests might be used to determine specific group differences.
The Friedman Test is applicable in a variety of fields such as psychology, medicine, education, and social sciences. It allows researchers to analyze data from repeated measures designs where the assumption of normality is violated or when dealing with ranked or ordinal data.
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Etymology of FRIEDMAN TEST
The "Friedman test" is named after the American economist and Nobel laureate, Milton Friedman. However, it does not directly relate to his work as an economist. The test is a statistical analysis, specifically a non-parametric test, used to determine whether there are significant differences between groups in a repeated measures design. This type of analysis was developed by Milton Friedman's son, Leonard J. Friedman, who was a statistician. He named the test after his father in honor of his contributions to economics. Therefore, the etymology of the word "Friedman test" stems from the surname of the economist Milton Friedman.
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