FREE RADICAL Meaning and
Definition
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A free radical is a chemically reactive and highly unstable molecule or atom that possesses an unpaired electron in its outer shell. The presence of this unpaired electron makes free radicals extremely reactive, as they seek to pair this electron with another one to achieve stability. Free radicals can be generated through various natural processes in the body, such as normal metabolism, or may be formed by exposure to external sources like pollutants, toxins, radiation, or certain drugs.
Due to their high reactivity, free radicals can initiate a process known as oxidative stress, whereby they react with other molecules in the body, including proteins, lipids, and DNA, resulting in damage to these crucial biomolecules. This oxidative damage is believed to play a significant role in the development and progression of various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative conditions, and aging.
Antioxidants, such as vitamins C and E and various enzymes, help neutralize or scavenge free radicals by providing them with the electrons they seek, thereby preventing them from causing oxidative damage. However, an imbalance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defense mechanisms can lead to an excess of free radicals, a condition known as oxidative stress.
In summary, free radicals are highly reactive molecules or atoms containing unpaired electrons that can cause oxidative damage to cellular structures. Understanding the role of free radicals and their management through antioxidants is crucial for maintaining overall health and preventing various diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Common Misspellings for FREE RADICAL
- dree radical
- cree radical
- vree radical
- gree radical
- tree radical
- rree radical
- feee radical
- fdee radical
- ffee radical
- ftee radical
- f5ee radical
- f4ee radical
- frwe radical
- frse radical
- frde radical
- frre radical
- fr4e radical
- fr3e radical
- frew radical
Etymology of FREE RADICAL
The word "free radical" has its roots in chemistry and biology. The "radical" part can be traced back to the Latin word "radix", which means "root". In this sense, a radical is a term used to describe an atom, molecule, or ion that has one or more unpaired valence electrons, making it highly reactive.
The term "free" in "free radical" refers to the fact that these radicals exist independently, separate from any larger molecule or compound. They are highly reactive and tend to seek stability by gaining or losing electrons from other molecules, which can potentially cause damage to cells and tissues.
The term "free radical" was coined by Moses Gomberg, an American chemist, in 1900. Gomberg was studying the properties of trivalent carbon compounds and observed the highly reactive nature of carbon radicals.
Similar spelling words for FREE RADICAL
- free-radical theory,
- free-radical halogenation,
- freehearted,
- radical,
- free-radical addition,
- free-radical reaction.
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