Fraxinus latifolia, commonly known as the Oregon ash, is a medium-sized deciduous tree that belongs to the olive family, Oleaceae. Native to the western United States, particularly the Pacific Northwest, it is found in various habitats, ranging from riverbanks and wetlands to lower elevation forests.
The Oregon ash typically reaches a height of 30-50 feet, with a straight trunk and a round crown. Its compound leaves consist of 5-9 leaflets, which are pale green in color and have toothed margins. The tree produces small clusters of inconspicuous flowers in the spring, followed by winged seeds known as samaras.
Known for its ecological importance, Fraxinus latifolia plays a vital role in riparian ecosystems, providing shade and stabilizing streambanks. It also serves as a food source and habitat for various animal species, including birds, mammals, and insects.
In terms of wood utilization, the Oregon ash is valued for its strength and elasticity. It has been historically used by Indigenous peoples for making baskets, mats, and various tools. Additionally, due to its relatively fast growth and adaptability, it is often planted for reforestation purposes and in urban settings for its aesthetic appeal.
However, Fraxinus latifolia faces some challenges, notably the threat of the emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis). This invasive insect has the potential to cause significant damage to ash trees, including the Oregon ash, by feeding on the inner bark, leading to tree mortality. Efforts are being made to monitor and mitigate the impact of this pest on Fraxinus latifolia and other ash species.
