Correct spelling for the English word "fraticelli" is [fɹˌatɪt͡ʃˈɛli], [fɹˌatɪtʃˈɛli], [f_ɹ_ˌa_t_ɪ_tʃ_ˈɛ_l_i] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
Fraticelli refers to a term that has historical significance and multiple interpretations, originating from medieval Europe. The word is derived from the Latin term "frater," meaning "brother," and historically referred to various groups or sects. Though these groups had diverse doctrines and practices, they shared a common belief in extreme poverty and strict adherence to religious principles.
In one context, Fraticelli was a name given to certain Italian religious orders that emerged in the 13th and 14th centuries, particularly the Observant Franciscans. These radical Franciscans, disillusioned by the laxity of the mainstream Franciscan community, sought a return to a more stringent adherence to the rule of St. Francis, emphasizing austerity, poverty, and humility.
The term Fraticelli can also be associated with another group, often labeled as heretics by the Catholic Church during the same period. These Fraticelli were seen as deviants due to their highly controversial beliefs that challenged the established dogmas and authority. They criticized the hierarchical structure of the Church, rejected the papacy, and even questioned the validity of certain sacraments.
Today, the term Fraticelli is primarily used in historical and religious contexts, referring to these dissenting movements within the Franciscan order or as a general term for various religious dissidents during the Middle Ages. It serves as a reminder of the complex religious landscape and the diversity of beliefs and practices that existed within the medieval Church.
The word fraticelli derives from the Latin term frater, meaning brother. It was originally used to refer to certain religious groups and individuals who emerged during the 13th century in Italy. These groups sought to live a more ascetic and impoverished life, following the ideals of Saint Francis of Assisi, the founder of the Franciscan Order. The term fraticelli was used to distinguish these individuals from the mainstream Franciscans, as it roughly translates to little brothers or little brethren.