The Fourth Chinese Domination of Vietnam refers to a historical period between 1407 and 1427 when a Chinese imperial regime, the Ming Dynasty, ruled over the state of Vietnam. This period is characterized by the Ming Empire's military conquest and political control over Vietnam, thus establishing its domination for almost two decades.
The Fourth Chinese Domination was initiated when the Ming Dynasty armies, led by General Chen Youliang, invaded and defeated the weakened Dai Viet Kingdom (present-day Vietnam) in 1407. With this conquest, the Chinese Empire imposed its political and military authority over Vietnam, replacing the existing Vietnamese rulers with officials loyal to the Ming Dynasty.
During this period of domination, the Chinese imposed a highly centralized and bureaucratic rule over Vietnam. They introduced Mandarin as the official language, implemented Chinese administrative systems, and replaced Vietnamese cultural practices with Chinese customs and traditions. Moreover, the Chinese demanded heavy taxes and levies from the Vietnamese population, and their military presence ensured strict control and obedience.
However, the Chinese rule faced significant resistance from Vietnamese local forces, led by national hero Le Loi. The Vietnamese resistance managed to defeat the Chinese armies and gradually regained control over the country. In 1427, the Vietnamese forces achieved a significant victory at the Battle of Dong Da, leading to the expulsion of the Chinese from Vietnam and the end of the Fourth Chinese Domination.
Overall, the Fourth Chinese Domination of Vietnam signifies a period in Vietnamese history marked by Chinese political control and cultural assimilation, but also by the resilience and determination of the Vietnamese people to regain their independence and national identity.
