Four sights is spelled phonetically as /fɔr saɪts/. The word consists of two parts; "four" which is spelled as it sounds and "sights" which has a silent "gh" and is pronounced as /saɪts/. The "gh" in "sights" is not pronounced, making the "s" sound into a "z" sound. The word "sights" means things that are seen or worth seeing, and when combined with "four", it refers to the four encounters that the Buddha had that led him to become a spiritual leader.
Four sights refers to a set of profound experiences that significantly impacted Siddhartha Gautama, who later became known as Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism. These sights directly influenced his decision to renounce his luxurious lifestyle and seek enlightenment.
The first sight is witnessing an elderly person, reflecting the realities of aging, physical decline, and the impermanence of youth and beauty. This sight made Siddhartha realize the inevitability of old age and its associated suffering.
The second sight involved Siddhartha encountering a sick person, revealing the frailty and vulnerability of human existence. This brought about an awareness of the universal nature of illness, showing that even the wealthy and privileged are not immune to suffering.
The third sight confronted Siddhartha with a corpse, a symbol of death and impermanence. This sight forced him to confront the harsh reality of mortality and the certainty of death, regardless of one's wealth or social status.
The fourth and final sight entailed Siddhartha coming across an ascetic monk who had renounced worldly possessions and dedicated his life to spiritual pursuits. This sight inspired Siddhartha to contemplate the possibility of escaping suffering and finding true happiness through a path of self-discipline and inner exploration.
These four sights acted as catalysts for Siddhartha's spiritual journey, deepening his understanding of the human condition and motivating him to seek a path that ultimately led to his enlightenment and the development of the Buddhist teachings.
The etymology of the term "four sights" can be understood by examining the individual words within the phrase.
1. Four: It comes from the Old English word "feower", which in turn derives from the Proto-Germanic word "fē̆wōr". It is related to the Old High German word "fior", Old Norse word "fjórir", and Gothic word "fidwōr". The word signifies the quantity or number 4.
2. Sights: This noun is derived from the Old English word "sihth", meaning "something seen" or "visual perception". It is related to various Germanic words such as the Old High German word "siht", Middle Dutch word "siht", and Old Norse word "sjo̜t". The term denotes something observed or witnessed.