The spelling of the word "foldamer" reflects its pronunciation, which is /foʊldeɪmər/. The first syllable "fold" sounds like the word "old," followed by the suffix "-amer." A "foldamer" is a type of molecule that is designed to fold into specific shapes in order to perform specific functions. These molecules are of increasing interest in fields such as nanotechnology and medicinal chemistry, as their unique structures and properties can be used to create new materials and drugs.
Foldamers are a specific class of synthetic molecules that feature well-defined secondary structures and can self-assemble into well-organized three-dimensional folds, similar to natural proteins. In contrast to proteins, which are composed of amino acids, foldamers are constructed using non-natural monomers or monomer units, allowing for a broad range of chemical functionalities and properties.
The term "foldamer" was coined to describe these man-made molecules that have the ability to adopt defined conformations due to the predefined arrangement of their repeating subunits. This organization can be achieved through a variety of non-covalent interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, or π-π interactions, which drive the folding process.
Foldamers hold great potential in diverse fields like medicine, materials science, and nanotechnology due to their tunable structure and properties. They can be designed and engineered to exhibit specific recognition capabilities towards certain target molecules, making them valuable tools in drug discovery and molecular recognition studies. Additionally, their unique folding behavior gives them the ability to self-assemble into well-defined nanostructures, making them promising candidates for the development of functional materials with tailored properties.
Overall, foldamers are a class of artificial molecules that mimic the structural properties of natural proteins but are constructed using non-natural monomers. They possess well-defined secondary structures, can self-assemble into organized folds, and offer a wide range of applications in various scientific fields.
The word "foldamer" is a combination of two terms: "fold" and "polymer".
1. "Fold": The term "fold" comes from the Old English word "fealdan" which means "to bend or fold". It can be traced back to the Proto-Germanic word "falthaną" and the Proto-Indo-European root "*pelǝ-", which also means "to fold or twist". The concept of folding has long been associated with the action of bending or arranging something in layers.
2. "Polymer": The word "polymer" comes from the Greek words "polys" meaning "many" and "meros" meaning "part". It was coined by combining these two elements to describe a substance composed of many repeating subunits or monomers.