Flame and smoke are two interrelated components commonly associated with the process of combustion. Flame refers to the visible, luminous body of light and heat that arises as a result of the rapid oxidation of a combustible material, typically accompanied by the release of energy in the form of heat, light, and often sound. Flames can manifest in various colors, depending on the temperature and the substances being burned. The iconic properties of a flame include its characteristic shape, movement, and the tendency to flicker and dance.
Smoke, on the other hand, consists of airborne solid or liquid particles, gases, and vapors that are produced when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis. Smoke can be seen as a suspension of tiny particles in the air, which may vary in color, density, and opacity, depending on the composition of the combusted material. It is often accompanied by an acrid odor due to the presence of various chemical compounds released during combustion.
Flame and smoke are closely connected in the sense that flames generate smoke as a byproduct. The smoke arises from the incomplete combustion, decomposition, or volatilization of materials, which release particles or gases into the air. Smoke can be hazardous if inhaled, as it often contains toxic substances and pollutants. Moreover, it is an essential indicator of fire, contributing to fire detection and providing information about its development. Firefighters frequently employ techniques to control or suppress both flames and smoke, as they are integral parts of fire management and safety.
