Fixed partial dentures, also commonly known as dental bridges, refer to a type of prosthodontic appliance used to replace one or more missing teeth. They are called "fixed" because they are designed to be securely attached to the remaining natural teeth or dental implants adjacent to the empty space left by the missing teeth.
Fixed partial dentures consist of one or more artificial teeth, known as pontics, which are fused between two dental crowns or 'abutments'. The abutments are installed on the teeth on either side of the gap, acting as anchors to hold the bridge in place.
These prosthetic dental appliances offer several advantages. Firstly, they restore proper chewing function, allowing individuals to efficiently bite and chew their food, improving digestion and overall oral health. Secondly, fixed partial dentures help maintain the alignment of adjacent teeth, preventing them from shifting into the empty space, which can lead to further dental issues. Additionally, they help preserve the natural shape of the face by providing support to the cheeks and lips, preventing them from sinking or sagging, which can occur when teeth are missing.
Fixed partial dentures can be made from a variety of materials, including porcelain, gold, or a combination of both. Each material has its own unique set of advantages, such as durability, aesthetics, or biocompatibility.
To summarize, fixed partial dentures are dental prosthetics that replace missing teeth by attaching artificial teeth between anchoring crowns. They provide functional, aesthetic, and oral health benefits by restoring chewing function, maintaining tooth alignment, and preserving facial shape.
