FIV stands for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus. It is a viral infection that affects domestic cats, particularly those that spend time outdoors or come into contact with infected cats. FIV belongs to the lentivirus family, which also includes other well-known viruses like HIV in humans.
FIV attacks the immune system of cats, making them more susceptible to other infections and illnesses. It primarily targets the white blood cells called T-lymphocytes, weakening the cat's immune response over time. While some cats may show no symptoms or only mild signs of illness, others may develop more severe symptoms such as weight loss, oral and dental infections, gastrointestinal problems, respiratory infections, and recurring illnesses.
FIV is primarily transmitted through bite wounds, usually during fights between cats, as the virus is present in high concentrations in the saliva of infected cats. It can also spread from an infected mother cat to her kittens during pregnancy, childbirth, or through milk during nursing.
Although there is no cure for FIV, supportive care and management can help infected cats live a good quality of life. Preventive measures include keeping infected cats indoors to reduce exposure, providing a balanced and nutritious diet, ensuring proper dental care, and promptly treating any secondary infections.
Regular testing and vaccination against FIV are available in some regions, helping to control the spread of the virus. However, it is important to note that FIV is not transmissible to humans or other animal species.
