Fibromatosis, also known as desmoid tumor or aggressive fibromatosis, is a rare type of soft tissue tumor characterized by the abnormal growth of fibrous tissue. It is a non-metastasizing, locally invasive tumor that can occur in various parts of the body, including the abdomen, trunk, arms, legs, and head and neck regions.
Typically, fibromatosis arises from the connective tissue, such as tendons, ligaments, and aponeurosis, and it can infiltrate into surrounding organs, muscles, and structures. The tumor is composed of fibroblasts, the cells responsible for producing the fibrous connective tissue, and it exhibits a variable growth pattern, ranging from slow and indolent to fast-growing and aggressive.
Signs and symptoms of fibromatosis depend on the location and extent of the tumor. It may present as a painless, firm mass or nodule that gradually enlarges, causing discomfort, pain, or restricted movement in nearby structures. Fibromatosis can also lead to functional impairment if it affects vital organs or structures.
The exact cause of fibromatosis is uncertain, although it is believed to result from genetic mutations in the cells that control cell growth and proliferation. It can occur sporadically or be associated with certain genetic syndromes, such as familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP).
Diagnosis of fibromatosis involves a combination of clinical evaluation, imaging tests, and biopsy. Treatment options for fibromatosis depend on various factors, including the tumor's size, location, growth pattern, and symptoms. Treatment may involve observation, surgical excision, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these modalities. Recurrence is not uncommon
