The term "fiat monies" refers to money that is not backed by a physical commodity, but rather is declared legal tender by a government. It is pronounced as "fee-at moh-neez" [ˈfiˌæt ˈmoʊniz], with a short "i" sound in "fiat" and a long "o" sound in "monies". The word "fiat" comes from the Latin phrase "fiat lux" meaning "let there be light", and in the context of money refers to the government's authority to declare a currency as legal tender.
Fiat money, also known as fiat currency or fiat monies, refers to a type of currency that is declared as legal tender by a government, based solely on its authority or decree. It is a form of money that holds value solely because the government declares it to be valid for payment of debts or exchange for goods and services, rather than having its value backed by a physical commodity, such as gold or silver.
Unlike commodity money, which derives its value from its intrinsic worth, fiat money has no intrinsic value and is not backed by a fixed amount of precious metal or any other tangible asset. It is essentially a medium of exchange that is accepted by individuals and businesses purely on the basis of government regulation and acceptance.
Fiat money allows governments to have control over the supply and distribution of currency, enabling them to manipulate monetary policy to manage economic factors such as inflation or unemployment. However, the value of fiat money is largely dependent on the trust and confidence individuals have in the government that issues it.
Fiat monies are widely used today in the modern global economy, where most countries employ their own fiat currencies. Examples include the US dollar, the euro, the Japanese yen, and many others. The value of fiat money can fluctuate against other currencies in foreign exchange markets based on various economic factors, including interest rates, inflation rates, and political stability.
The term "fiat money" derives from the Latin word "fiat", which means "let it be done" or "let it become". This Latin word is derived from the verb "fiare", which means "to become" or "to happen". In the context of money, "fiat" refers to money that is issued by a government decree or order, rather than being backed by a physical commodity like gold or silver. The term "fiat money" became popularized in the late 19th century to describe currencies that are not redeemable for a commodity but are accepted as a medium of exchange based on the trust and confidence in the issuing authority.