Favus of the nails, also known as onychomycosis, is a fungal infection that affects the nails. This condition is characterized by the invasion of nail tissue by various types of pathogenic fungi, such as dermatophytes, yeast, or molds.
Favus of the nails generally starts with the colonization of fungi on the nail plate, which gradually progresses and causes varying degrees of nail deformity. The affected nails typically exhibit changes in texture, color, and shape. They may become thickened, brittle, discolored (yellow, brown, or white), or develop a crumbly appearance. In severe cases, the nails may separate from the nail bed and emit a foul odor.
Several factors contribute to the development of favus of the nails. Poor hygiene, excessive moisture, trauma to the nails, weakened immune system, and certain underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or peripheral vascular disease, can increase the risk of this infection. Additionally, fungal infections can spread from other areas of the body, such as the skin or feet, to the nails.
Treatment for favus of the nails typically involves antifungal medications. Topical creams or ointments may be prescribed for milder cases, while oral antifungal medications are often necessary for more severe or persistent infections. In some cases, the affected nails may need to be surgically removed to facilitate effective treatment.
To prevent favus of the nails, practicing good hygiene is crucial. This includes regularly washing and drying the nails thoroughly, keeping them trimmed, and avoiding sharing personal items like nail clippers or files. Wearing breathable footwear, using antifungal powder, and avoiding prolonged exposure to moisture can also aid in preventing these infections.
