Fatigable positional nystagmus, also known as positional vertigo or positional nystagmus, refers to a specific type of nystagmus, a rhythmic involuntary movement of the eyes. This condition is characterized by the occurrence of nystagmus, usually horizontal and less commonly vertical or torsional, in response to specific changes in head position or body posture.
Unlike regular positional nystagmus, fatigable positional nystagmus shows a decrease in intensity or may even cease after repeated or prolonged exposure to the triggering position. This fatigability is a distinguishing feature and helps to differentiate it from other types of nystagmus. The nystagmus associated with this condition may occur in various positions, such as when getting up from lying down or changing head positions, and typically lasts for a short duration.
Fatigable positional nystagmus is commonly caused by a disorder of the inner ear, specifically the vestibular system, which monitors head and body movements and helps maintain balance. Some of the common causes of this condition include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and Meniere's disease. Other possible causes include head trauma, infections, or inflammation of the inner ear.
Individuals experiencing fatigable positional nystagmus may also report symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, unsteadiness, or a feeling of movement. The diagnosis is usually made through a detailed history, physical examination, and specific tests like the Dix-Hallpike maneuver or supine roll test, which can provoke the characteristic nystagmus.
Treatment options for fatigable positional nystagmus depend on the underlying cause. These can range from head and body positioning techniques to repositioning maneuvers, exercises to improve balance and
