EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDER Meaning and
Definition
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Extrapyramidal disorder is a term used to describe a group of movement disorders that result from dysfunction in the extrapyramidal system, a part of the central nervous system that controls and modulates voluntary movements. This disorder is characterized by various abnormal movements, such as involuntary muscle spasms, tremors, rigidity, and impaired coordination. It is typically caused by an imbalance in the neurotransmitters dopamine, acetylcholine, and gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), which are essential for normal movement control.
One of the most well-known extrapyramidal disorders is Parkinson's disease, characterized by resting tremors, bradykinesia (slow movement), muscle rigidity, and postural instability. Other examples include dystonia, where prolonged muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements; Tourette syndrome, featuring involuntary vocal and motor tics; and tardive dyskinesia, which is a side effect of long-term use of certain medications and is characterized by repetitive, uncontrollable facial and body movements.
Extrapyramidal disorders can be caused by various factors, including genetics, trauma, certain medications, brain infections, or other underlying neurological conditions. Diagnosis is typically made based on clinical evaluation, medical history, and the presence of specific movement abnormalities. Treatment approaches for extrapyramidal disorders generally focus on managing symptoms and may include medications, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and sometimes surgery to alleviate tremors or correct abnormalities.
Overall, extrapyramidal disorder refers to a range of movement disorders that result from dysfunction in the extrapyramidal system, leading to various abnormal movements, and requiring specific management strategies for each condition.
Common Misspellings for EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDER
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Etymology of EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDER
The term "extrapyramidal disorder" is a medical term used to describe a group of movement disorders that are not directly related to the pyramidal tracts in the brain, which are responsible for voluntary motor control. The etymology of the term can be broken down as follows:
1. "Extra-" is a Latin prefix meaning "beyond" or "outside". In this context, it signifies that the disorders being described extend beyond or are separate from the pyramidal tracts.
2. "Pyramidal" refers to the pyramidal tracts, which are nerve pathways in the brain that control voluntary movement.
3. "Disorder" indicates a medical condition or an abnormality.
Therefore, the phrase "extrapyramidal disorder" essentially implies movement disorders that occur outside or separate from the pyramidal tracts responsible for voluntary movement in the brain.
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