The term "eusternum" refers to a bone structure found in the chest region of vertebrates, particularly in mammals and birds. It is more commonly known as the "breastbone" or "sternum." The eusternum is a flat, elongated bone that is situated in the middle of the chest and acts as a central support structure for the ribs.
Anatomically, the eusternum typically consists of three parts: the manubrium, the body, and the xiphoid process. The manubrium is the upper portion of the eusternum, connecting to the collarbones (clavicles) and the first pair of ribs. The body forms the largest and main part of the bone, while the xiphoid process is a small, dagger-shaped extension at the lower end.
The eusternum serves several crucial functions. It provides a point of attachment for the rib bones, which enclose and protect vital organs, such as the heart and lungs. Additionally, it helps stabilize the chest, maintaining its shape and allowing for efficient respiration. The eusternum also plays a role in musculoskeletal movements, such as those involved in breathing, bending, and lifting.
In humans, the eusternum is a significant landmark for medical professionals, especially in terms of CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) as it serves as an important reference point for proper hand placement during chest compressions.
