Euchite refers to a medieval religious sect that emerged in the 12th century, also known as Circumcellions. The Euchites were a radical group that originated in North Africa and gained some following in Italy. Their beliefs and practices were considered heretical by the established Christian church.
The term "Euchite" is derived from the Greek term "euche," meaning prayer or vow. The Euchites believed in a strict and ascetic way of life, focusing heavily on penance and mortification of the flesh as a means to attain spiritual purity. They rejected the institutionalized church and its hierarchy, considering it corrupt and impure. Instead, they emphasized individual prayer and direct communication with God, advocating for a simple and communal lifestyle.
One notable aspect of the Euchites was their preference for martyrdom, often seeking confrontation with authorities to provoke their own execution. They believed that through these self-inflicted "battles," they would be cleansed of sin and granted immediate entry into heaven. Their methods included violence, attacking travelers, destroying property, and inciting disturbances to provoke authorities.
Due to their extremist views and violent actions, the Euchites were vehemently condemned by the mainstream Christian church. Despite their relatively small numbers and isolated existence, they posed a challenge to the church's authority and the stability of society in the regions where they operated.
Euchitism eventually declined by the 14th century, but the sect had a lasting impact on the development of religious thought in the Middle Ages. Today, the term "Euchite" is primarily used as a historical designation for this particular sect and its distinctive beliefs and practices.
