Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare type of cancer that develops in the nasal cavity. Also called olfactory neuroblastoma, it arises from the specialized cells responsible for the sense of smell, known as neuroectodermal cells. This cancer commonly occurs in the upper part of the nasal cavity, close to the region where the nerves responsible for smell are located.
Esthesioneuroblastoma is characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells that form a tumor. It tends to be slow-growing but can become invasive over time, gradually spreading to nearby structures such as the sinuses, eyes, and brain.
Common symptoms of esthesioneuroblastoma may include nasal congestion, frequent nosebleeds, loss of smell, sinus pain or pressure, watery or bloody discharge from the nose, headaches, and changes in vision or sense of taste. However, these symptoms can also be attributed to other less severe conditions, which can often lead to a delayed diagnosis.
Treatment options for esthesioneuroblastoma include surgery, radiation therapy, and occasionally, chemotherapy. The specific treatment plan depends on factors such as the stage and location of the tumor, the extent of its spread, and the overall health of the individual. The goal of treatment is to remove the tumor and prevent its recurrence while preserving normal nasal and neurological function.
As esthesioneuroblastoma is relatively rare, a multidisciplinary approach involving various healthcare professionals, including oncologists, neurosurgeons, radiation specialists, and otolaryngologists, is usually employed to provide the most effective and individualized treatment.
