Correct spelling for the English word "esm" is [ˈɛzəm], [ˈɛzəm], [ˈɛ_z_ə_m] (IPA phonetic alphabet).
ESM stands for European Stability Mechanism. It refers to an international financial institution that was established in 2012 by the eurozone member countries to respond to financial crises. The purpose of the ESM is to provide financial assistance and stability to eurozone countries facing severe economic challenges, such as sovereign debt crises.
The institution operates as a permanent rescue fund, serving as a financial safety net for eurozone countries in need. It has the authority to issue bonds and borrow money on international financial markets. These funds are then used to provide financial assistance, in the form of loans or loan guarantees, to countries that are struggling to meet their financial obligations.
The ESM operates under certain conditions and strict economic policy reforms, known as Memoranda of Understanding, which countries receiving assistance must abide by. These conditions are aimed at ensuring fiscal discipline, structural reforms, and economic stability.
The ESM is governed by a Board of Governors, which consists of the finance ministers of the eurozone member countries. Decisions are usually made by consensus, and each member country has a voting share proportional to its financial contribution.
Overall, the European Stability Mechanism plays a crucial role in safeguarding the financial stability of the eurozone, providing financial assistance to countries in need, and promoting economic reforms to ensure long-term sustainability of the eurozone economies.