Erythrophleine refers to a poisonous compound found in certain plants, particularly members of the Amaryllidaceae and Papaveraceae families. It is derived from the alkaloid group, specifically isoquinoline alkaloids.
The compound erythrophleine is recognized for its potent cardiac toxic effects, which can ultimately lead to fatal consequences if consumed in high doses. It functions as a cardiotoxin by disrupting the normal electrical signals that coordinate the contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle.
When erythrophleine enters the body, it acts as a sodium channel blocker, interfering with the movement of sodium ions across cell membranes. As a result, this hampers the heart's ability to properly generate and transmit electrical signals. Consequently, heart rhythm disturbances, irregular heartbeat, and even cardiac arrest may occur.
While erythrophleine's primary occurrence is in plants, it has also garnered attention in medical research due to its potential to inhibit tumor growth. Scientists have found that erythrophleine demonstrates anti-cancer properties, specifically in breast cancer cells, by inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis) and inhibiting cell proliferation.
As a toxic compound, erythrophleine should be handled and used with caution, as it can pose health risks to humans and animals alike. Due to its presence in certain plants, individuals should avoid ingesting or exposing themselves to sources that may contain erythrophleine unless under proper medical supervision.
