Epitympanum is a word used in anatomy to describe the upper portion of the middle ear cavity. The pronunciation of the word is /ˌepɪˈtɪmpənəm/. The sound /e/ represents a short vowel sound, followed by the consonant sound /p/ and then the vowel sound /ɪ/. The third syllable contains a consonant cluster of /t/ and /m/, followed by the vowel sound /ə/. The final syllable consists of the consonant /n/ and the vowel sound /ə/ pronounced as a schwa sound. The spelling of this word reflects its Latin origin.
The term "epitympanum" refers to a small, hollow space located in the middle ear, specifically above the tympanic membrane (eardrum) and below the tegmen tympani (a thin layer of bone separating the middle ear from the brain). It is essentially an extension of the middle ear cavity and is considered part of its overall structure.
The epitympanum plays a crucial role in the auditory system by aiding in the transmission and conduction of sound waves. It acts as a passageway for sound to travel from the outer ear through the middle ear to the inner ear, where they are then converted into electrical signals for the brain to process.
Additionally, the epitympanum contains important anatomical structures that contribute to hearing. One such structure is the ossicular chain, which includes the three tiny bones (ossicles) called the malleus, incus, and stapes. These bones work together to amplify and transmit sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear.
The epitympanum also houses the opening of the Eustachian tube, a narrow tube that connects the middle ear to the back of the throat. This tube helps maintain equal pressure between the middle ear and the environment, ensuring the proper functioning of the eardrum and preventing discomfort or potential damage.
In summary, the epitympanum is a vital part of the middle ear, facilitating the transmission of sound waves and housing important structures and passages that contribute to the sense of hearing.
The upper part of the tympanum, or attic.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "epitympanum" is derived from two Greek roots: "epi" meaning "on" or "upon", and "tympanum" meaning "drum". Tympanum, in this context, refers to the eardrum. Therefore, "epitympanum" literally means "upon the eardrum".