Episodic recurrent vertigo is a medical condition characterized by repeated episodes of a spinning or swaying sensation and a feeling of loss of balance or instability. It is a type of vertigo that occurs intermittently, rather than persistently, with symptom-free periods in between.
During an episode of episodic recurrent vertigo, individuals may experience sudden and severe dizziness, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, sweating, or difficulty standing or walking. The sensation of vertigo can be intense and debilitating, leading to a fear of falling or a loss of control.
The causes of episodic recurrent vertigo can vary, but it is most commonly associated with disorders of the inner ear, such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) or Meniere's disease. BPPV occurs when small calcium crystals in the inner ear become dislodged and disrupt the normal balance signals, while Meniere's disease involves an abnormal buildup of fluid in the inner ear. Other potential causes include migraines or certain medications.
Diagnosis of episodic recurrent vertigo typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and potentially specialized tests, such as audiometry or electronystagmography, to assess inner ear function.
Treatment options for episodic recurrent vertigo can include medications to alleviate symptoms during episodes, exercises or maneuvers to reposition dislodged inner ear crystals, dietary and lifestyle modifications to manage Meniere's disease, or migraine prevention strategies. In some cases, surgical procedures may be considered for severe or refractory cases.
Overall, a multidisciplinary approach involving healthcare professionals specializing in otolaryngology, neurology, or vestibular rehabilitation is often necessary to effectively manage and treat episodic recurrent vertigo.
