Epidictical is an adjective that refers to the use of rhetoric or oratory skillfully and persuasively to praise or blame someone or something. It typically involves the act of delivering a speech or writing with the intention of emphasizing the virtuous or admirable qualities of a subject, or conversely, highlighting its faults.
Originating from the Greek word "epideiktikos," which means "exhibition," epidictical speeches were often delivered in ancient Greek society as a means of publicly displaying and celebrating the values, virtues, or accomplishments of individuals, objects, or events. This style of discourse was commonly employed in formal settings, such as political or legal arenas, as well as in speeches dedicated to commemorating heroes, extolling the power of a deity, or addressing moral issues of society.
Within the context of rhetoric, epidictical oratory strives to create emotional impact and cultivate persuasive arguments through the effective use of language, word choice, and vivid imagery. It serves to either inspire admiration and praise, or to denounce and condemn, with the aim of influencing public opinion or promoting a particular perspective. The art of epidictical discourse involves employing rhetorical devices such as hyperbole, metaphor, and amplification to enliven the speech and captivate the audience.
In modern usage, the term "epidictical" is less common, but it is occasionally employed to refer to the practice of employing expressive and persuasive language to laud or criticize individuals, events, or objects, often in the form of speeches, essays, or presentations.
