EPHORUS Meaning and
Definition
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Ephorus was an ancient Greek term referring to a specific governmental or administrative role in various city-states of ancient Greece, particularly in Sparta. In a dictionary context, an ephorus can be defined as a high-ranking official or magistrate who held significant power and authority within the governing structure of a polis (Greek city-state).
The ephorus was primarily responsible for overseeing and enforcing the laws and customs of the city-state, ensuring order and stability in the community. They exercised crucial executive and judicial powers, often acting as the chief magistrate or chief executive officer in the city-state's administration. Ephoruses were typically elected annually or held their position for a limited term.
The exact duties and responsibilities of an ephorus varied between different city-states, but they commonly supervised the activities of other magistrates, played a vital role in the deliberations of the council or assembly, and had the authority to initiate legislative proposals or to implement and interpret laws. They also exercised oversight over the king or the ruling body, acting as a check on their power and preventing potential abuses.
In Sparta, the ephorus held particular significance as they were responsible for upholding and protecting the traditions and values of the state. They played a crucial role in the education and training of citizens, as well as managing foreign affairs and responsibilities related to defense and military matters.
Overall, the ephorus was a key figure in the government structure of an ancient Greek city-state, overseeing the law and order of the community, and functioning as a significant administrative and judicial authority.
Etymology of EPHORUS
The word "ephorus" comes from the ancient Greek ἔπορος (eporos), which means "supervisor" or "overseer". The term specifically referred to an elected official in ancient Sparta who served as one of the five ephors, the highest authority in the Spartan state. The etymology of the Greek word can be traced back to the verb "epí-íemi", meaning "to look after" or "to oversee".
