EOG is an acronym that stands for "Electrooculography." It refers to a technique or process of measuring and recording the electrical activity generated by eye movements. This physiological measurement method involves the use of electrodes placed around the eyes or on the skin surrounding them to detect and monitor the patterns of electrical potential variations that occur during ocular motion.
EOG works based on the principle that there is a correlation between eye movement and the electrical potential difference generated due to changes in the retina's resting state. By capturing the subtle electrical changes associated with eye movements, it allows researchers, medical professionals, and scientists to investigate various aspects of eye function, monitor eye health, and study conditions related to ocular pathologies and neurological disorders.
The recorded EOG signals can be analyzed to determine the direction, velocity, and amplitude of eye movements, such as saccades (rapid eye movements between fixation points), smooth pursuits (tracking a moving target), and blinking. Additionally, EOG can be employed to assess nystagmus (involuntary rapid eye movements) and detect abnormalities in ocular motility.
EOG finds applications in clinical settings, psychophysiology research, and biomedical engineering, enabling the examination of eye movements and serving as a tool for diagnosing eye-related diseases, investigating cognitive processes, studying sleep physiology, evaluating vestibular function, and designing human-computer interaction systems, among other uses.
