ENZYME LABELED ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE Meaning and
Definition
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The Enzyme Labeled Antibody Technique, also known as ELAT, is a laboratory method commonly used in the field of immunology to detect and quantify specific proteins or antigens in a sample. It is a highly sensitive and specific technique that combines the principles of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with the use of specifically labeled antibodies.
In ELAT, an antibody specific to the target antigen is labeled with an enzyme such as peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase. The sample is then incubated with the labeled antibody, allowing the antibody to bind to the target antigen if present. Any unbound antibodies are washed away, leaving only the antigen-antibody complexes attached to the sample.
In the next step, a substrate specific to the enzyme label is added to the sample. If the antigen-antibody complexes are present, the enzyme will catalyze a reaction with the substrate, leading to the generation of a detectable signal. This signal can be measured spectrophotometrically or visually, indicating the presence and concentration of the target antigen in the sample.
ELAT is widely used in research and diagnostic laboratories for various applications, including the detection of viral or bacterial antigens, measurement of levels of specific proteins, and investigation of immunological responses. It offers several advantages such as high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, and suitability for large-scale quantitative analyses. However, it requires careful optimization of assay conditions and selection of appropriate antibodies and enzyme labels for accurate results.
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