Enteral nutrition is a medical term that refers to the provision of food through the gastrointestinal tract. The spelling of this word can be broken down phonetically as follows: /ˈɛn.tər.əl nuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/. The first syllable, "en," is pronounced like the letter "N." The second syllable, "ter," is pronounced like "tur," and the emphasis is on the first syllable. The final two syllables, "al" and "tion," are pronounced like "awl shun." This spelling helps medical professionals accurately communicate and understand the term.
Enteral nutrition, also known as tube feeding, is a method of delivering nutrition directly into the gastrointestinal tract. It is primarily used when a person is unable to obtain adequate nutrition through oral intake due to factors such as injury, surgery, or illnesses that impair normal eating and digestion.
This method involves inserting a tube into the digestive tract, typically through the nose or a surgical opening in the abdomen. The tube is then connected to a specialized liquid formula containing all the essential nutrients, including proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. This formula is carefully chosen to meet the specific nutritional needs of the individual and is often administered via a gravity drip, pump-assisted, or bolus delivery system.
Enteral nutrition not only provides essential nutrients but also helps maintain gut integrity and function. It supports the growth and repair of tissues, promotes healing, and enhances the immune response. Depending on the individual's condition, enteral nutrition can be short-term, as a transitional measure, or long-term, when oral intake is permanently inadequate or impossible.
This technique requires close monitoring by healthcare professionals to ensure the proper administration, tolerance, and effectiveness of the feeding. Potential complications of enteral nutrition include tube displacement, infection, blockage, gastrointestinal intolerance, and electrolyte imbalances. Therefore, regular assessment and adjustment of the feeding regimen are essential to optimize the individual's nutritional status and overall well-being.
The word "enteral" comes from the Latin word "entericus", which in turn is derived from the Greek word "enterikos", meaning "intestinal". The term "nutrition" is derived from the Latin word "nutritio", which means "nourishing". Therefore, "enteral nutrition" refers to the provision of nutrients directly into the gastrointestinal tract for nourishment.