ENDOSYMBIOSIS Meaning and
Definition
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Endosymbiosis refers to a mutually beneficial relationship that exists between two different organisms, where one organism lives inside the cells or body of the other. It is a type of symbiosis, a broad term used to describe interactions between different species that live in close proximity and can have a variety of outcomes. However, endosymbiosis specifically refers to the relationship in which one organism, known as the endosymbiont, dwells within the host organism, called the host, contributing certain benefits to both parties.
In this association, the endosymbiont is typically a smaller organism that resides within the host's cells or tissues. It is believed that these endosymbiotic relationships have played a crucial role in the evolution of life on Earth, particularly in the development of complex eukaryotic cells. One of the most well-known examples of endosymbiosis is the theory that suggests that mitochondria, the essential organelles responsible for energy production in cells, originated through a symbiotic relationship between early eukaryotic cells and ancestral free-living bacteria.
Endosymbiosis can occur between different types of organisms, including between bacteria and larger organisms like plants or animals. The relationship can provide various advantages to both the host and the endosymbiont, such as increased protection, nutrient exchange, energy production, or enhanced physiological functions. This mutually beneficial interaction highlights the intricate and interconnected nature of life on our planet and demonstrates the remarkable adaptations and co-evolution that have occurred between species over time.
Etymology of ENDOSYMBIOSIS
The word endosymbiosis has a Greek origin. It is derived from two Greek words: endo meaning inside and symbiosis which combines sym meaning together and biosis meaning living. Therefore, endosymbiosis can be understood as living together inside.
