ENDOSPERMS Meaning and
Definition
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Endosperms are specialized nutritive tissue found in the seeds of flowering plants (angiosperms). They serve as a nutrient reserve for the developing embryo within the seed. The endosperm is typically triploid, meaning it contains three sets of chromosomes, compared to the typical diploid chromosomes found in most cells.
Endosperms are formed through a process called double fertilization. During this process, one sperm fertilizes the egg cell, while the other fuses with the two polar nuclei in the central cell of the female gametophyte, resulting in the development of the endosperm. This unique characteristic distinguishes angiosperms from other plant groups.
The primary function of endosperms is to provide nourishment to the developing embryo. They store starches, proteins, oils, and other essential nutrients that are utilized during seed germination. The endosperm can be found in various forms, such as a solid tissue (e.g., in maize) or as a liquid-filled cavity (e.g., in coconuts).
In addition to their role as a nutrient source, endosperms also contribute to the physical protection of the embryo, preventing mechanical damage and desiccation. They are often surrounded by a tough protective seed coat, ensuring the viability and survival of the embryo until favorable conditions for germination are encountered.
Endosperms play a crucial role in the reproductive success of flowering plants by providing the necessary resources for the growth and development of the next generation. Their presence and composition vary between plant species, reflecting the diverse adaptation strategies in different environments.
Common Misspellings for ENDOSPERMS
Etymology of ENDOSPERMS
The word "endosperm" originates from the combination of two Greek words: "endon" meaning "within" or "inside" and "sperma" meaning "seed". Together, they refer to the tissue that is present in the seed of a flowering plant, providing nourishment to the developing embryo.
